tRNA (RELEASE_2.5.1) |
|
|---|---|
| SO Accession: | SO:0000253 (SOWiki) |
| Definition: | Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules are approximately 80 nucleotides in length. Their secondary structure includes four short double-helical elements and three loops (D, anti-codon, and T loops). Further hydrogen bonds mediate the characteristic L-shaped molecular structure. Transfer RNAs have two regions of fundamental functional importance: the anti-codon, which is responsible for specific mRNA codon recognition, and the 3' end, to which the tRNA's corresponding amino acid is attached (by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases). Transfer RNAs cope with the degeneracy of the genetic code in two manners: having more than one tRNA (with a specific anti-codon) for a particular amino acid; and 'wobble' base-pairing, i.e. permitting non-standard base-pairing at the 3rd anti-codon position. |
| Synonyms: | transfer ribonucleic acid, transfer RNA |
| DB Xrefs: | URL: http://www.sanger.ac.uk/cgi-bin/Rfam/getacc?RF00005 |
| ISBN: 0198506732 | |
| Parents: | ncRNA (SO:0000655) |
| tRNA_primary_transcript (SO:0000210) | |
| Children: | alanyl_tRNA (SO:0000254) |
| glutaminyl_tRNA (SO:0000259) | |
| prolyl_tRNA (SO:0000268) | |
| glutamyl_tRNA (SO:0000260) | |
| methionyl_tRNA (SO:0000266) | |
| asparaginyl_tRNA (SO:0000256) | |
| threonyl_tRNA (SO:0000270) | |
| glycyl_tRNA (SO:0000261) | |
| valyl_tRNA (SO:0000273) | |
| tyrosyl_tRNA (SO:0000272) | |
| cysteinyl_tRNA (SO:0000258) | |
| isoleucyl_tRNA (SO:0000263) | |
| seryl_tRNA (SO:0000269) | |
| leucyl_tRNA (SO:0000264) | |
| tryptophanyl_tRNA (SO:0000271) | |
| selenocysteinyl_tRNA (SO:0005857) | |
| lysyl_tRNA (SO:0000265) | |
| pyrrolysyl_tRNA (SO:0000766) | |
| aspartyl_tRNA (SO:0000257) | |
| arginyl_tRNA (SO:0001036) | |
| histidyl_tRNA (SO:0000262) | |
| tRNA_region (SO:0001172) | |
| phenylalanyl_tRNA (SO:0000267) | |
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